日本語のおしゃべり

Japanese Language
「Particles」

「Ni・に」
「Part 5」

「12」
Ni can be used to indicate the agent of a causative-passive verb (the person or thing performing the action): "by."

Examples:
学生は先生に漢字を書かされました。
Gakusei wa sensei ni kanji o kakasaremashita.
The students were made to write kanji by the teacher.

私は子供のとき、母に嫌いなな物も食べさせられました。
Watashi wa kodomo no toki, haha ni kirai na mono mo tabesaseraremashita.
When I was a child, I was made to eat even things I disliked by my mother.
「 My mother made me eat food I didn't like.」

「13」
Ni can be used to join nouns (usually three or more): "and."
NOTE: This usage of ni is an equivalent of to, but is more commonly found in writing, rather than speech.

Examples:
その会議に出席した人は、中国人に、近国人に、日本人だった。
Sono kaigi ni shusseki shita hito wa, chūgoku-jin ni, kankoku-jin ni, nihon-jin datta.
The people attending the conference were Chinese, Korean, and Japanese.

​パーティーの飲み物は、日本酒に、ウイスキーに、ワインでした。
​ Pātī no nomimono wa, nihon-shu ni, uisukī ni, wain deshita.
The drinks [available] at the party were sake, whiskey, and wine.


「14」
Ni can indicate a pair of people or things that are commonly mentioned together: ”and."

Examples:
ロメオにジュリエット。
Romeo ni Jurietto.
Romeo and Juliet.

富士山に芸者。
Fuji-san ni geisha.
Mt. Fuji and geisha.
[a hackneyed phrase in reference to Japan]

「15」
Ni can also indicate the basis on which, or means by which, an action takes place (commonly used with the verbs motozuku (to be based on) and yoru (owing to)

Examples:
あの映画は有名な小説に基づいて作られました。
Ano eiga wa yūmei na shōsetsu ni motodzuite tsukuraremashita.
The movie was [made] based on a famous novel.

テレビの普及によって、外国の様子がよくわかるようになった。
Terebi no fukyū ni yotte, gaikoku no yōsu ga yoku wakaru yō ni natta.
Thanks to the spread [owing to the spread] of television, we [now[ have a better understanding of conditions in foreign countries.

This post finishes the particle ni, hope it was helpful, and see you again for the particle e・へ.

じゃまたね！
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