日本語のおしゃべり

Japanese language
「Particles」

「Ni・に」

「１」
Ni can be used to indicate where a person or thing is: "in, at, on."

「A」Indicates a concrete place

Examples:
山田先生は、今図書館にいらっしゃいます。
Yamada-sensei wa, ima tosho-kan ni irasshaimasu.
Professor Yamada is in the library now.

電話帳は机の上にあります。
Denwa=chō wa tsukue no ue ni arimasu.
The phone book is on the desk.

「B」Used to indicate an abstract place

Examples:
課長は今会議に出席しています。
Kachō wa ima kaigi ni shusseki shite imasu.
The section chief is now in conference.

彼は今でも演劇界に君臨しています。
Kare wa ima de mo engeki-kai ni kunrin shite imasu.
Even now he rules over the theatrical world.

「２」
Ni can be used to indicate the location of an action: in, at."

「A」Can be used with certain 'non action' verbs which are used to imply that the subject is permanently located in the place of the specified action.

Examples:
山田さんは現在四谷に住んでいます。
Yamada-san wa genzai Yotsuya ni sunde imasu.
Yamada lives in Yotsuya at present.

寺田さんは新宿の銀行に勤めています。
Terada-san wa Shinjuku no ginkō ni tsutomete imasu.
Terada works at a bank in Shinjuku.

NOTE: The verbs hataraku and shigoto o suru (to work) are preceeded by de.

「B」
Ni can be used with verbs which indicate that an action has taken (or is about to take) place and the resulting condition is (or will be) static. The last sentence exemplifies the parenthetical definition.

Examples:
あのいすに座って本を読んでいる人は、誰ですか。
Ano isu ni suwatte hon o yonde iru hito wa, dare desu ka.
Who is the person sitting in that chair and reading a book？

山の上に雪が積もっていますね。
Yama no ue ni yuki ga tsumotte imasu ne.
Snow is piled up on top of the mountain, isn't it. 
「There is snow on the mountaintop, isn't there.」

すみませんが、壁に掛かっている私のコートを取ってくれますか。
Sumimasen ga, kabe ni kakatte iru watashi no kōto o totte kuremasu ka.
Excuse me, but would you get my coat hanging on the wall?

新聞は机のうえに置いて下さい。
Shinbun wa tsukue no ue ni oite kudasai.
Please put the newspaper on the desk.

That is part one of the particle ni, hope it helped and see you again soon!

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