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Japanese Language 「Particles」 「Kashira・かしら」 NOTE: The usages of kashira are essentially the same as those of ka na, except that they are mostly employed by women. １．Indicates uncertainty: "I wonder." 社長さん、今日何時に会社へいらっしゃいますかしら。 Shachō-san, kyō nanji ni kaisha e irasshaimasu kashira. I wonder what time the president will come to the office today. この機会の使い方、ご存じでいらっしゃいますかしら。 Kono kikai no tsukaikata, gozonji de irasshaimasu kashira. I wonder if you're acquainted with how this machine is run. ２．Indicates a question to oneself: ”I wonder." もう帰ってもいいのかしら。 Mō kaette mo ii no kashira. I wonder if it's alright to leave now [if I can leave now]. こんなすてきなプレゼントをもらって、いいのかしら。 Konna suteki na purezento o moratte, ii no kashira. I wonder if I should accept such a lovely present. 「Oh, you shouldn't have./Oh, what a lovely present! I don't deserve it.」 ３．Indicates a hope or muted request: "I wonder." 今晩私の宿題を手伝ってくれるかしら。 Konban watashi no shukudai o tetsudatte kureru kashira. I wonder if you could help me with my homework tonight. 「Do you think you could help me with my homework tonight?」 コンピューターの使い方、教えていただけるかしら。 Konpyūtā no tsukaikata, oshiete itadakeru kashira. I wonder if you could teach me how to operate the computer. 「Could you possibly teach me how to operate the computer?」 Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °
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Japanese Language 「Adjectives and Adverbs」 「Adverbs Expressing Time」 「Part 12」 「Sugu (ni)・すぐ(に)」 "right away" Sugu (ni) indicates someone's doing something without delay. Examples: すぐ来てください。 Sugu kite kudasai. Please come right away. ホテルに着いてすぐにシャワーを浴びた。 Hoteru ni tsuite sugu ni shawā o abita. I arrived at the hotel, and took a shower right away. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Verbs」 「Part 5」 「Imperative Form」 「Vimp」 Regular I Verb [4th Base] Kae, 買え「Buy」 Ike, 行け「Go」 Regular II Verb [Verb stem + ro/yo] Tomero/yo, 止めろ・よ「Stop」 Kariro/yo, 借りろ・よ「Borrow」 Irregular Verb Koi, 来い「Come」 Seyo/shiro, せよ・しろ「Do」 Sentence Patterns 「”Do~"」 Vimp expresses a direct command and is used by men in very informal speech. Examples: 帽子を脱げ Bōshi o nuge Take off your hat. 朝晩運動せよ・運動しろ。 Asaban undō seyo/undō shiro. Exercise morning and evening. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° 強 「11 Strokes」 「Kyō, Gyō, tsuyo(i)・Strong・Tsuyo(maru)・Become strong(er)・Tsuyo(meru)・Make strong(er), Strengthen・Shi(iru)・Force」 あなたがより強くなりたいですか。 Anata ga yori tsuyoku naritaidesu ka. Do you wish to become stronger? Other uses for 強 強引に「ごういんに」Gōin ni・By Force 強力「きょうちょく」Kyōryoku・Strength, Power 強情「ごうじょう」Gōjō・Stubbornness, Obstinacy 強国「きょうこく」Kyōkoku・Strong Country, Great Power Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Sentence Structure」 「Part 7」 「Commands, Requests, Suggestions, Approval, Disapproval, Prohibition, and Obligation」 The stem of the masu form of a verb, followed by nasai, expresses a command. This pattern is mainly used by teachers and parents when speaking to their students or children. Nasai is the imperative form of the honorific verb nasaru ("do") and is used here as an auxiliary verb. Examples: 寒いからこれを着なさい。 Samui kara kore o kinasai. Wear this, since it is cold. 寝る前に歯を磨きなさい。 Neru mae ni ha o migakinasai. Brush your teeth before you go to bed. もう一度この課を復讐しなさい。 Mō ichido kono ka o fukushū shinasai. Review this lesson once more. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Particles」 「Ka Na・かな」 １．Indicates uncertainty: "I wonder." 課長、何時に来るかな。 Kachō, nanji ni kuru ka na. What time's the section chief coming, I wonder. 多賀君は、この仕事できるかな。 Taga-kun wa, kono shigoto dekiru ka na. I wonder if Taga can do this job. 「Could Taga handle this job? I wonder.」 ２．Indicates a question to oneself: "I wonder." 今日は何曜日だったかな。 Kyō wa nan-yōbi datta ka na. Hmm, what day is today? 田中さんと会うのは何時だったかな。 Tanaka-san to au no wa nanji datta ka na. Now, what time was it that I was going to meek Tanaka? ３．Indicates a hope or muted request: "I wonder." この仕事、頼んでいいかな。 Kono shigoto, tanonde ii ka na. I wonder if I could ask [you to do] this job. 「Can I ask you to take care of this work?」 明日の朝早く会社に来てもらえるかな。 Asu no asa hayaku kaisha ni kite moraeru ka na. I wonder if you could come to the office early tomorrow morning. 「Could you come to the office early tomorrow morning?」 Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Adjectives and Adverbs」 「Usage of Adverbs」 「Expression of Time」 「Zutto・ずっと」 "throughout,” "all the time," "all the way" Zutto indicates that an action or a state continues to occur or exist for a long period or is constant throughout a limited period. Examples: 休暇中ずっと老親の家にいました。 Kyūkachū zutto rōshin no ie ni imashita. I stayed at my parents' house throughout the holidays. スミスさんは日本へ来てから、ずっとこの家に住んでいる。 Sumisu-san wa Nihon e kite kara, zutto kono ie ni sunde iru. Mr. Smith has lived in this house since he came to Japan. 彼は新幹線の中で大阪から東京までずっと寝ていた。 Kare wa shinkansen no naka de Ōsaka kara Tōkyō made zutto nete ita He was sleeping in the bullet train, all the way from Osaka to Tokyo. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Verbs」 「Conditional Form」 「Vcond + ba koso ばこそ」 ”Because," "only because" Vcond ba koso expresses emphasis of a reason or cause. Examples: お金が要ればこそ夜も働く。 O-kane ga ireba koso yoru mo hataraku. Only because I need money, I work at night as well. 英語が出来ればこそ矢野さんはアメリカの大学に入れます。 Eigo ga dekireba koso Yano-san wa Amerika no daigaku ni hairemasu. Only because she understands English, Miss Yano can enter an American college. ピアノは毎日練習すればこそ上手になります。 Piano wa mainichi renshū sureba koso jōzu ni narimasu. Only because you practice every day, will you become good at the piano. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° |
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