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品 「9 Strokes」 「Hin・Refinement; Article・Shina・Goods; Quality」 彼女は彼女について、特別な品質を持っています。 Kanojo wa kanojo ni tsuite, tokubetsuna hinshitsu o motte imasu. She has that special quality about her. Other uses for品 品質「ひんしつ」Hinshitsu・Quality 品物「しなもの」Shinamono・Merchandise 部品「ぶひん」Buhin・（Spare/machine) parts 下品「げひん」Gehin・Unrefined, Gross, Vulgar 上品「じょうひん」Jōhin・Refined, Elegant, Graceful Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °
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Japanese Language 「Sentence Structure」 The te form of a verb or an adjective-or the negative te form (nakute for verbs, ku nakute for i-adjectives, and de nakute for na-adjectives)-followed directly by mo ii, is used to grant or ask permission to do something, or to express approval of a condition (Example 3). If one is asking permission to do something (or asking to be allowed not to do something, as the case may be), the question-marker ka is used at the end of the sentence (Example 2, 4). NOTE: Kamaimasen ("I don't mind") and yoshii desu (a more polite form of ii desu, meaning "good," "all right") may be used in place of mo ii. Examples: 明日休んでもいいですよ。 Ashita yasunde mo ii desu yo. It is all right if you take a day off tomorrow. この雑誌を借りてもかまいませんか。 Kono zasshi o karite mo kamaimasen ka. Do you mind if I borrow this magazine? 家具は新しくなくてもいいです。 Kagu wa atarashiku nakute mo ii desu. It is all right if the furniture is not new. 試験を受けんなくてもよろしいですか。 Shiken o ukennakute mo yoroshii desu ka. Is it all right if I don't take the exam? Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Adjectives and Adverbs」 「Adverbs Expressing Time」 「Part 24」 「Sudeni・すでに」 "already" Sudeni indicates an action or event that has been completed by the time some other action or event occurs. Examples: 空港に着いた時、飛行機はすでに出ていた。 Kūkō ni tsuita toki, hikōki wa sudeni dete ita. When I arrived at the airport, the plane had already taken off． ホテルに電話したら、彼はすでにチェックアウトしていた。 Hoteru ni denwa shitara, kare wa sudeni chekkuauto shite ita. When I called him at the hotel, he had already checked out. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Japanese Verbs」 「Vte + iru (2) ~てうる」 "be ~ed," "be ~ing" In contrast to the first iteration of Vte iru, which expresses an ongoing action, this expresses a state of being resulting from a previous action. Standard Japanese verbs that use this form are shiru 知る (learn, realize or know), motsu 持つ (possess) and oboeru 覚える (remember). In this specific verb form, these indicate states of "knowing," "possessing" or "remembering," usually represented in English by, in the first person, "I know," "I have" and "I remember." Also note that the opposite of shitteiru is shiranai (not shitte inai). Examples: 銀行は三時まで相手いる。 Ginkō wa sanji made aite iru. The bank is open until three o' clock. 戸田さんは赤いドレスを着ています。 Toda-san wa akai doresu o kite imasu. Ms. Toda is wearing a red dress. 柄さんは結婚している。 Hara-san wa kekkon shite iru. Mr. Hara is married. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° 多 「6 Strokes」 「Ta, Ō(i)・Much, Many, Numerous」 この提案のエラーは多数あります。 Kono teian no erā wa tasū arimasu． The errors in this proposal are numerous. Other uses for 多 多元的「たげんてき」Tagenteki・Pluralistic 多数「たすう」Tasū・Large number (of); Majority 数多く「かずおおく」Kazuōku・Many, Great number (of) 大多数「だいたすう」Daitasū・The overwhelming majority 多少「たしょう」Tashō・Much or little, Many or few; Some Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Sentence Structure」 The nai form of a verb, followed by the phrase hō ga ii, is used to give advice about what one ought not to do. It corresponds with the English "had better not do" or "ought not to do." Examples: 危険だからあの山には登らないほうがいい。 Kiken da kara ano yama ni wa noboranai hō ga ii. You had better not climb that mountain, as it is dangerous. あんな男とは付き合わないほうがいいですね。 Anna otoko to wa tsukiawanai hō ga ii desu ne. You had better not associate with that kind of man. 課長の意見に反対しないほうがいいですね。 Kachō no iken ni hantai shinai hō ga ii desu ne. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Particles」 「Final Part」 「Ni・に」 NOTE: Ni commonly follows darō, deshō, and V-tarō, and essentially has the same meaning as no ni although the latter is more common. Examples: ほかの人がやったら、もっと早くできたでしょうに。 Hoka no hito ga yattara, motto hayaku dekita deshō ni. Despite the fact that it could have been finished much sooner if someone else had done it [unfortunately that was not the case]. 「It could have been finished much sooner if only someone else had done it.」 もう少し待っていたら、雨がやんだろうに。 Mō sukoshi matte itara, ame ga yandarō ni. Despite the fact that if we had waited a little longer, the rain might have stopped [we didn't wait]. 「If only we had waited a little longer, the rain might have let up.」 Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Adjectives and Adverbs」 「Adverbs Expressing Time」 「Part 24」 「Tatta ima・たった今」 "just now," "a moment ago" Tattara ima refers to a moment in the immediate past that is generally closer to the present than an event expressed by sakki or sakihodo. Examples: たった今起きたところです。 Tatta ima okita tokoro desu. I got up just a moment ago. 吉田さんはたった今食事に出ました。 Yoshida-san wa tatta ima shokuji ni demashita. Mr. Yoshida has just left for lunch. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Verbs」 「Te form」 「Part 5」 「Vte + Iru・ている」 "be doing~" Vte expresses an action in progress. Examples: 春子さんは歌を歌っている。 Haruko-san wa uta o utatte iru. Haruko is singing a song. 先生が学生に漢字を書かせています。 Sensei ga gakusei ni kanji o kakasete imasu. A teacher is making students write kanji. スミス先生は日本文学を研究しています。 Sumisu sensei wa Nihon bungaku o kenkyū shite imasu. Prof. Smith is studying Japanese literature. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° 種 「14 Strokes」 「Shu・Kind, Type; Species・Tane・Seed; Cause」 どんな種類のソーダが好きですか。 Don'na shurui no sōda ga suki desu ka. What type of soda do you like? Other uses for 種 種子「しゅし」Shushi・Seed, Pit 一種「いっしゅ」Isshu・Kind, Sort 人種「じんしゅ」Jinshu・A human race 不安の種「ふあんのたね」Fuan no tane・Cause of unease Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Sentence Structure」 The ta form of a verb, followed by the phrase hō ga ii, is used to give advice. It corresponds to the English "had better do." NOTE: The sentence-final particles ne and yo are frequently used when giving advice. either to soften a suggestion (as with ne in example 1) or to give force to it (as with yo in example 2). Examples: ビルはもっと漢字を勉強したほうがいいね。 Biru wa motto kanji o benkyō shita hō ga ii. Bill had better study kanji harder, don't you think? フライトに遅れないように急いだほうがいいですよ。 Furaito ni okurenai yō ni isoida hō ga ii desu yo. You had better hurry so you won't be late for your flight. 今パスポートを申請しておいたほうがいい。 Ima pasupōto o shinsei shite oita hō ga ii. You had better apply for a passport now (in advance). Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Particles」 「Mono Ka・ものか」 NOTE: Men tend to use the forms mono ka and mon ka; women mono desu ka and mon desu ka. １．Emphasizes a determination not to do something by means of a rhetorical question． あんな所、もう行くもんか。 Anna tokoro, mō iku mon ka. I wouldn't be caught dead going there again. あんな人と一緒に仕事ができるもんですか。 Anna hito to issho ni shigotoga dekiru mon desu ka. I wouldn't work with her again if my life depended on it. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Adjectives and Adverbs」 「Adverbs Expressing Time」 「Part 22」 「Sakihodo・先ほど」 "a little while ago" Sakihodo refers to a moment in the immediate past. It is primarily used in formal conversation and in writing. Examples: 卒業式は先ほど終了しました。 Sotsugyōshiki wa saki hodo shūryō shimashita. The graduation ceremony ended just a little while ago. 本田先生は先ほどまでオフィスにいらっしゃいました。 Honda-sensei wa saki hodo made ofisu ni irasshaimashita. Professor Honda was in his office until a little while ago. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Verbs」 「Te Form」 「Part 4」 「Vte + Kudasai・～てください」 "Please do~" Vte kudasai expresses a request. Examples: この仕事を手伝ってください。 Kono shigoto o tetsudatte kudasai. Please help me with this work. 学生に展覧会に行くように勧めてください。 Gakusei ni tenrankai ni iku yō ni susumete kudasai. Please encourage the students to go to the exhibition. 明日の午前中に必ず連絡してください。 Ashita no gozenchū ni kanarazu renraku shite kudasai. Please contact me tomorrow morning without fail. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° 重 「Jū, Chō, Omo(i)・Heavy・Kasa(naru)・Lie on top of one another・ Kasa(neru)・Pile on top of one another・-E・-Fold, -Ply」 この会議は重要です。 Kono kaigi wa jūyō desu. This meeting is important. Other uses for 重 体重「たいじゅう」Taijū・Body weight 重力「じゅうりょく」Jūryoku・Gravity, gravitation 重大「じゅうだい」Jūdai・Weighty, grave, important 二重「にじゅう、ふたえ」Nijū, Futae・Double, twofold Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Particles」 「Zo・ぞ」 NOTE: Zo adds force to a sentence in a more emphatic manner than ze. Used mostly by men. １．Indicates a command or threat. そろそろ会議を始めるぞ。 Sorosoro kaigi o hajimeru zo. Let's get the meeting under way. 今度そんなことをしたら、絶対に許さないぞ。 Kondo sonna koto o shitara, zettai ni yurusanai zo. If you do that again, I'm not going to let you get away with it. 「If you do anything like that again, you're going to pay for it.」 その仕事、君に頼んだぞ。 Sono shigoto, kimi ni tanonda zo. I'm expecting you to get the job done. 「You'd better get cracking on that job.」 ２．Adds force to words of self-encouragement or self-urging. 頑張るぞ。 Ganbaru zo. I can do it! 「Make way. Here I come.」 今度こそ成功するぞ。 Kondo koso seikō suru zo. I'm going to make it this time. 「This time I'm coming up a winner.」 Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Adjectives and Adverbs」 「Adverbs Expressing Time」 「Part 21」 「Sakki・さっき」 Sakki refers to a moment in the immediate past. It is utilized primarily in casual conversation. Examples: 彼はさっきうちへ帰りました。 Kare wa sakki uchi e kaerimashita. He went home a while ago. さっきロンドンの死者からファックスが入った。 Sakki Rondon no shisha kara fakkusu ga haitta. A fax came in from the branch office in London just a little while ago. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Japanese Verbs」 「Te Form」 「Part 3」 「Vte ∼て」 "-ing," "-ed" Vte expresses how an action is performed. Examples: 今朝急いでうちを出ました。 Kesa isoide uchi o demashita. I left home in a hurry this morning. 彼はソファに寝て本を読む。 Kare wa sofa ni nete hon o yomu. Lying on the sofa, he reads books. 観客は起立した拍手しました。 Kankyaku wa kiritsu shite hakushu shimashita. The audience stood up and clapped their hands. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° 類 「18 Strokes」 「Rui, Tagu(i)・Kind, Type, Genus」 あなたの学位はどの分類の下にありますか？ Anata no gakui wa dono bunrui no shita ni arimasu ka? Under what classification is your degree? Other uses for類 類語「るいご」Ruigo・Synonym 人類「じんるい」Jinrui・Mankind 親類「しんるい」Shinrui・Relative, Kin 書類「しょるい」Shorui・Papers, Documents Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Sentence Structure」 The plain or polite volitional form of a verb, followed by the particle ka, is used when expressing a suggestion in the form of a question: "Shall I...?" or "Shall we...?" Similar to this construction but more polite is the negative polite question masen ka. The particle demo in a sentence involving a suggestion indicates a thing offered up as a suggestion, but only as one of a number of possibilites. It replaces the direct-object marker o. Examples: コーヒーでも飲もうか。 Kōhī de mo nomō ka. Shall we have coffee or something? 雨が降っているからタクシーで行きましょうか。 Ame ga futte iru kara takushī de ikimashō ka. Shall we go by taxi, since it's raining? 私達の先生をパーティーに招待しませんか。 Watashi-tachi no sensei o pātī ni shōtai shimasen ka. wouldn't you [like to] invite our teacher to the party? Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Particles」 「Ze・ぜ」 NOTE: Adds force to a sentence. When it overlaps with zo, it is somewhat less emphatic. Ze is used mostly by men. １．Used to make a declaration to someone or underscore a point. 先に行くぜ。 Saki ni iku ze. I'm going on ahead． 「Leaving now. See you there.」 その仕事、君に頼んだぜ。 Sono shigoto, kimi ni tanonda ze. I'm counting on you to do that job. 「It's [the job's] up to you now.」 頑張るぜ。 Ganbaru ze. I'm going to give it my best shot. 「I'm hanging tough.」 Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Adjectives and Adverbs」 「Adverbs Expressing Time」 「Mamonaku・間もなく」 "soon," "shortly," "before long" mamonaku indicates that an action or event will occur shortly or that it has occurred not long after some other action or event. Examples: 間もなく京都行きが発車します。 Mamonaku Kyōto yuki ga hassha shimasu. The train bound for Kyoto will depart shortly. 日本では間もなく総選挙が行われるらしい。 Nihon de wa mamonaku sōsenkyo ga okonawareru rashii. It seems that a general election will soon be held in Japan. 二人は結婚して、間もなく離婚した。 Futari wa kekkon shite, mamonaku rikon shita. The two got a divorce not long after getting married. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° Japanese Language 「Verbs」 「Te Form」 「Sentence Patterns」 「Part 2」 「Vte (2) ∼て」 "do~, so~," "because" Vte will express the reason for or the cause of the action or event in the main clause. Examples: 雨がづって釣りに行けませんでした。 Ame ga futte tsuri ni ikemasen deshita. It rained, so we couldn't go fishing. 彼は働きすぎて病気になりました。 Kare wa hataraki sugite byōki ni narimashita. He became ill, because he worked too hard. 友達が着て一緒にビールを飲みました。 Tomodachi ga kite issho ni bīru o nomimashita. My friend came, so we drank beer together. Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° 数 「13 Strokes」 「Sū (Su), Kazu・Number・Kazo(eru)・Count」 それを正しく数えましたか。 Sore o tadashiku kazoe mashita ka. Did we count that correctly? Other uses for数 数字「すうじ」Sūji・Digit, Numeral, Figures 数学「すうがく」Sūgaku・Mathematics 人数「にんずう」Ninzū・Numbers of people 無数「むすう」Musū・Countless, Innumerable 手数「てすう」Tesū・Trouble, Bother Hope this helps! じゃまたね！ °˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ °こゆうきあいはら°˖ ✧◝(○ ヮ ○)◜✧˖ ° |
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